日本森林康养基地营造模式探析

日本森林康养基地建设起步早、发展快，已形成了较为完善的营造模式，成为可供借鉴的典范。文中通过对60处日本森林康养基地的康养产品类型、运营体制和基底条件进行聚类分析发现，其营造模式可被分为以名胜地为主体的本底资源利用型、以公园为主体的康养功能提升型、以林地为主体的林业产业激活型3种。各类型基地在营造过程中通过合理利用本底资源、充分活用场地设施、有序开展节事活动等方式全面系统地支撑了基地建设，可为我国森林康养基地营造提供借鉴与参考。

Mode of Forest Therapy Base Construction in Japan

Japan started early and developed fast in the construction of forest therapy base, and has formed a relatively sound construction mode, which could be learned by many countries. Through the cluster analysis of the products, operation systems and base conditions of 60 forest therapy bases in Japan, it is found that Japan’s construction modes can be divided into three types: the resource utilization type with scenic spots as the dominant part, the health function promotion type with parks as the main part, and the forest industry activation type with forests as the prioritized part. In the construction process, the bases of various types make rational use of resources, make full use of site facilities, and carry out festival activities to support their construction in a comprehensive and systematical way. This study could provide references for the construction of forest therapy bases in China.