森林火行为与特殊火行为研究进展

森林火灾主要包括地表火、地下火、树冠火3种蔓延形式。目前火蔓延模型主要关注于森林地表火的蔓延研究, 对一些特殊的火行为, 如树冠火、火旋风、飞火等研究极为薄弱, 而这些火行为在特大森林火灾的蔓延传播中起着重要作用, 往往加速火蔓延, 并对扑火人员造成生命危险。我国森林大多集中在山区, 火灾一旦发生, 由于复杂的地形、不均匀的可燃物分布、多变的局地风和林火的相互作用, 极易形成复杂的火行为。文中对森林火灾中的火行为和特殊火行为进行了论述, 讨论了当前的研究进展和未来发展趋势。

Research Advances in Forest Fire Behavior and Special Forest Fire Behaviors

Surface fire,ground fire and crown fire are the main three forest fire behaviors.Present studies on forest fire behaviors mainly focus on surface fire,but some special forest fire behaviors have been paid little attention,including crown fire,fire whirl and spot fire.They often play an important role in fire spread and are dangerous to firefighters.Most of the forests are distributed in mountainous areas.Therefore,once fire breaks out,some special complex forest fire behaviors will occur due to complex topography,uneven distribution of fuel,changing local wind and the interaction of forest fires.In the paper,the present research advances in forest fire behaviors and the future trend were analyzed and discussed.