中国湿地生态补水发展现状及其生态效应研究进展

湿地水资源状况直接决定了湿地生态系统的结构和功能，生态补水已经成为解决缺水地区湿地萎缩和退化、生态环境问题的重要措施之一。文中介绍了中国湿地生态补水的发展现状、实践探索和保障机制，综述湿地生态需水和生态补水策略研究，以及补水对区域水资源、湿地景观和植被、湿地生物群落和生态系统服务等影响的研究进展；总结当前中国湿地生态补水的发展成就及生态补水实践探索，分析相关研究中存在的问题；并从区域规划、方案编制、实践探索、生态系统影响评估等方面给出了未来湿地生态补水发展和研究的建议，以期为中国湿地生态补水研究及实践提供借鉴。

Development Status and Research Progress on Ecological Effect of Wetland Ecological Water Replenishment in China

The water resources of wetland directly determine the structure and function of wetland ecosystem. Ecological water replenishment has become one of the important measures to solve the problems of wetland shrinkage and degradation, and ecological environment in water shortage areas. The paper introduces the development status, practical exploration and safeguard mechanism of wetland ecological water replenishment in China, and expounds the research progress of wetland ecological water requirement and ecological water replenishment strategy, as well as the impact of water replenishment on regional water resources, wetland landscape and vegetation, wetland biological community and ecosystem services. And the paper analyzes the development achievements of wetland ecological water replenishment in China, and the existing problems in the practical exploration and related research of ecological water replenishment. Then suggestions on the development and research of wetland ecological water replenishment in the future are given from the aspects of regional planning, scheme preparation, practical exploration and ecosystem impact assessment, in order to provide reference for the research and practice of wetland ecological water replenishment in China.