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西藏高原典型生态系统退化及植被恢复技术综述
引用本文:陈斌,李海东,曹学章.西藏高原典型生态系统退化及植被恢复技术综述[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(5):18-23.
作者姓名:陈斌  李海东  曹学章
作者单位:南京信息工程大学遥感学院, 南京 210044;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41301611);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20130103)
摘    要:全球变暖和人类活动导致西藏高原脆弱生态系统遭到不同程度的干扰和破坏,对正在进行的国家生态安全屏障保护与建设构成严重的潜在威胁。文中在全面梳理西藏高原典型退化生态系统的主要表现(草地退化、湿地退化、工程扰动区植被破坏、风沙化土地不断扩张)、识别其驱动因素(气候变化、过度放牧和工程扰动)的基础上,总结了西藏高原典型退化生态系统植被恢复的技术措施(围栏封育、人工种草、工程扰动分类恢复、适生植物种选择、沙障设置等),以期为进一步加强西藏高原退化生态系统保护与恢复治理、促进国家生态安全屏障建设提供决策依据和技术支撑。

关 键 词:生态系统退化  驱动因素  植被恢复  西藏高原
收稿时间:2014/5/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/6/17 0:00:00

Advances in Studies on Degradation and Re-vegetation of Typical Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau, China
Chen Bin,Li Haidong and Cao Xuezhang.Advances in Studies on Degradation and Re-vegetation of Typical Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau, China[J].World Forestry Research,2014,27(5):18-23.
Authors:Chen Bin  Li Haidong and Cao Xuezhang
Institution:School of Remote Sensing, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
Abstract:The fragile alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau have been subject to disturbances and damages to varied extents as the results of global warming and increasing human activities, which constitutes a serious potential threat to the ongoing program of Protection and Construction of National Ecological Security Shelter Zone. Therefore, this paper analyzed the performances of typical degraded ecosystems (grassland degradation, wetland degradation, vegetation deterioration in engineering disturbed area, and spreading of aeolian sandy land) in the Tibetan Plateau, and then identified the driving factors (climate change, overgrazing and engineering disturbance). Based on these analyses, the re-vegetation technologies for degraded ecosystems on the Plateau were summarized and refined, mainly including grassland enclosure, artificial seeding, classification recovery of different types of engineering disturbance area, screening of adaptive plant species, sand barrier construction, etc. The study was expected to provide decision-making bases and scientific and technological supports to further enhance the protection and restoration of degraded ecosystems and promote the construction of National Ecological Security Shelter Zone on Tibetan Plateau.
Keywords:ecosystem degradation  driving factor  vegetation restoration  Tibetan Plateau
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