生态产品价值实现:国际经验

生态产品价值实现是解决生态效益外部性问题，实现生态保护与经济社会协调发展的重要途径，已成为社会各界高度关注的焦点问题之一。部分发达国家较早认识到生态保护与经济社会协调发展的重要性，率先开展了许多制度性改革，并在实践中取得了显著成效，形成了政府与市场并重的生态产品价值实现模式。基于此，文中通过分析美国、新西兰、日本3国分别在生态保护修复、生态权属交易和生态产业化发展方面的生态产品价值实现典型案例，归纳得出可供借鉴的5点经验，提出对我国全面建立生态产品价值实现机制的4点启示。

Value Realization of Ecological Products: International Experience

The value realization of ecological products is an important way to address the issue of the externality of ecological benefits and achieve the coordinated development between ecological protection and economic society, which has become a focus of public concern. Some developed countries have recognized this importance earlier. They took the lead in carrying out many institutional reforms which have achieved remarkable results in practice, and have formed a mode of realizing the value of ecological products with equal emphasis on the government and the market. Based on this, this paper respectively analyzes the typical cases of value realization of ecological products in three countries, including the United States, New Zealand and Japan, in terms of ecological protection and restoration, ecological ownership transaction and ecological industrialization development. Finally, it extracts five experiences for reference, and puts forward four enlightenments for China to establish the value realization mechanism of ecological products.