黄河三角洲盐碱地林木衰退原因及对策

林木衰退是黄河三角洲盐碱地防护林生态功能退化甚至逐步丧失的主要原因。文中在调研黄河三角洲土壤盐分时空变异特征的基础上，分析该区域土壤盐分反复表聚、树种选择适应性不强、栽培技术针对性不够、抚育管理缺位及干旱和病虫害等因素对林木生长的影响，明确了引起黄河三角洲盐碱地林木衰退的原因，并提出解决林木衰退问题的对策:1）因地制宜，因树制宜；2）扩蓄增容，提升地力；3）水肥运筹，盐分阻控；4）接种丛枝菌根真菌，提高林木耐盐性；5）加强抚育管理，改造衰退林等。可为黄河三角洲盐碱地衰退林的恢复和重建提供技术和理论参考。

Causes and Countermeasures of Forest Decline in Saline-alkali Land of the Yellow River Delta

Forest decline is the main reason for the degradation and even gradual loss of the ecological function of shelterbelts in the saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta. Based on the investigation of temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta, this paper analyzes the effects of soil salinity accumulation, tree species selection adaptability, inadequate cultivation techniques, lack of tending management, drought and diseases and insect pests on forest growth in this region, and clarifies the causes of forest decline in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta. The countermeasures to solve the problem of forest decline are proposed: 1) afforestation with suitable trees on suitable areas; 2) soil magnistorge compatibilization to improve soil fertility; 3) water and fertilizer management to control salt; 4) inoculation of Arbuscular mycorrhiza to improve salt tolerance of forest trees; and 5) strengthening of tending management to improve the declined forest. This study would provide technical and theoretical support for the restoration and reestablishment of degraded forest in saline-alkali land of the Yellow River delta.