中国与俄罗斯、美国、日本原木检验标准比较研究

木材检验是木材贸易过程中的重要环节，木材检验标准或法规是评价木材材积和质量的重要依据。因采用不同木材检验的检测方法，各国在国际贸易中木材检验结果存在差异。文中对中国《原木检验》、俄罗斯《原木打号印、分类、运输、检量和验收方法》、美国《原木检尺和评等规则》和日本《原木等级和检尺规程》原木检验标准或法规进行比较，分析国内标准与国外标准在尺寸检验、材积计算和材质等级评定等方面的差异，以及不同检验方法间的相关性，以期为中国在进口原木贸易过程中标准制修订提供参考。

Comparative Study of Log Inspection Standards Among China, Russia, the United States of America and Japan

Wood inspection is an important process in wood trade, and the wood inspection standards or regulations are the important basis for evaluating wood volume and quality. Different countries adopt different testing methods of wood inspection, which leads to different results of wood inspection in international trade. Comparative study is conducted for the inspection standards in China, Russia, the United States of America and Japan for log, which are China’s Log Inspection, Russian Log Marking, Classification, Transportation, Measurement and Check Method, the US Log Measurement and Grade Evaluation Rule and Japan’s Log Grade and Measurement Code, to analyze the differences among the four standards in log measurement, stem volume calculation and visual grades evaluation as well as the correlation among the different inspection methods. This study is aimed to provide references for standard development and revision for log import trade.