森林地下火特征及防控措施

森林地下火在燃烧时观测不到火焰,传播速度较慢,燃烧时间长,难以察觉,但在燃烧过程中会产生大量颗粒物和大气污染物,严重危害生态环境和人体健康,造成严重的经济损失。结合国内外研究成果,文中阐述了森林地下火产生的原因、地下火特征及其对环境的危害,并将森林地下火防控先进技术设备与实际工作相结合,提出了构建"空中-地面-地下"多重监测系统和保障消防水源与重视火后管理的森林地下火综合防控措施,旨在为森林防火部门的地下火预防、监测、扑救等工作提供技术支持。

Characteristics and Control of Underground Forest Fire

When an underground forest fire burns, since the flame cannot be observed, the fire spread speed is slow and the burning time is long, it is hard to detect the fire. However, a large number of particulates and atmospheric pollutants will be generated during the combustion, which will seriously harm the ecological environment and human health and cause serious economic losses. Based on the research results at home and abroad, this paper discusses the causes, characteristics and environmental harm of underground forest fire, and puts forward the comprehensive control scheme of underground forest fire which is characterized with "Air-Ground-Underground" multi-layer monitoring system, the firewater source supply and post-fire management by combining advanced technology and equipment with practical work. The aim of the study is to provide technical support for forest fire department to prevent, monitor and control underground forest fire.