杉木林地土壤微生物研究进展

杉木是我国主要造林树种之一，具有生长快、产量高、材质好的优点。土壤微生物与杉木林地土壤理化性质、土壤肥力以及植物根系之间有密切的关联。文中概述了不同林分条件下杉木林地土壤微生物的群落特征及其与土壤质量之间的响应机制，尤其是与植物根系共生关系方面的研究进展，以期为实现杉木林质量的精准提升提供理论参考。天然林和阔叶林较杉木人工林有更丰富的微生物群落，在杉木林生长发育过程中，中龄阶段各微生物指标最低。杉木林土壤微生物群落组成、生物量和活性等均与土壤酸碱性、通气状况、养分含量等存在密切的响应关系。杉木林菌根真菌主要属于球囊霉属，国内对杉木林下菌根真菌的研究仍处于初级阶段。未来土壤微生物的研究热点包括土壤微生物的时空演变规律、土壤微生物在提升土壤肥力上的机理和途径、菌根真菌在土壤养分高效利用中的机制等。

A Review of Soil Microorganisms in Chinese Fir Forest

Chinese fir is one of the main afforestation species in China, which owns the advantages of fast growth, high yield and good wood quality. There is a close connection between soil microorganisms and forest soil physical & chemical properties, soil fertility and plant root system. This paper summarized the research advances in soil microbial community characteristics in different forest stands, and the response mechanism of the soil microbial community to soil quality, especially the symbiotic relationship between microbial community and plant root system, in order to provide theoretical references for accurately improving the quality of Chinese fir forests. Natural forests and broad-leaved forests have richer microbial community than pure Chinese fir forests do, and the middle-aged Chinese fir forest has a minimum level in microbial indicators. Soil microbial community composition, biomass and activity in Chinese fir forests are in close response to soil acidity-alkalinity, soil aeration and soil nutrients. Glomus are the majority mycorrhizal fungi associated with Chinese fir, and the research about mycorrhizal fungi associated with Chinese fir is still at primary stage. Future researches may focus on the temporal and spatial evolution of soil microorganisms, the mechanism and the way to improve the soil fertility through soil microorganisms, high efficient utilization of soil nutrients through mycorrhizal fungi.