木质林产品跨境交易下碳储量核算方法比较分析

国际贸易行为使得储存于采伐后木质林产品中的碳汇在各国间发生流动, 又由于对采伐后木质林产品的使用方式和最终用途的差异, 使得产品中碳汇的存续时间出现巨大的差异。如何对国际木质林产品跨境交易下的各国碳储量变化进行全面量化, 合理判断各国基于木质林产品消费方式的差异而对环境所造成的直接或间接影响, 从而明晰全球温室气体减排下各国的责任划分, 具有非常重要的意义。文中根据政府间气候变化专业委员会(IPCC)所提供的4种采伐后木质林产品碳储量核算方法, 分析各国对不同核算方法的立场及其背后的深层原因, 指出我国应该积极开展木质林产品跨境交易下碳储量核算方法的前沿跟踪研究, 以便未来在木质林产品碳汇计量谈判中掌握主动权从而有效维护国家利益。

A Comparative Analysis of Carbon Stock Calculation Approaches of Harvested Wood Products in International Trade

International trade makes the carbon stock stored in harvested wood products flow between countries. As the use methods and the end use of harvested wood products vary, a great difference occurs in the storage time of carbon stock in products. How to quantify the change in carbon stock at different countries under the cross-border transactions of wood products is extremely significant to reasonably tell the direct or indirect influence of the difference in the consumption of woody forest products on the environment and thus clarify the responsibilities of countries in greenhouse gas emission reduction. The paper analyzed countries' view of calculation approaches and the underlying root cause based on the present IPCC default, stockchange, production, and atmospheric-flow approaches. It was proposed that China should focus on the frontline research on carbon stock calculation approaches under the cross-border transactions of wood products so as to seize the great initiative in the future negotiations on carbon stock calculations of wood products and thus effectively safeguard national interests.