农药精确施用模型及其与林木虚拟生长模型协同研究综述

林木虚拟生长模型是应用计算机模拟树木在三维空间中的生长发育状况，而农药精确施用模型是应用计算机模拟农药按需定量喷施、与目标植物接触以及产生药效等一系列喷施作业情况。如果把两者耦合起来，将直观模拟出林木正常生长、受病虫害侵染、农药发挥效果、长势有所好转等一系列交互效果，可为调整植物保护策略、制定农药喷施方案和研制新型植保机械提供理论支持和技术支撑。文中分析了农林病虫害防治情况和农药精确施用的重要性，在综述国内外喷头雾化性能模型、沉降沉积模型（飘移模型）、施药量调节模型、雾化特性预测模型等农药施用模型研究现状的基础上，通过分析探讨两模型协同机理和林木虚拟生长模型及耦合模型实时性协同环境，提出了基于农药施用过程与防治药效的模型协同研究、基于林木形态结构模型的仿形对靶喷雾模型研究以及农药精确施用多模型交互协同研究的建议。

Research Review on Precision Pesticide Application Model and Its Synergy with Virtual Forest Growth Model

Virtual forest growth model is to apply computers for simulating trees'' growth condition in 3D space, while precision pesticide application model is to use computers for simulating a series of pesticide spraying operations including spraying as rations demanded, contact with target plants and producing effect. If the two models are coupled, a series of interactive effects could be directly simulated, such as normal forest growth, infected by diseases and pests, pesticides effects, improved growth, etc., so as to provide theoretical support and technical basis for adjusting the plant protection strategy, developing pesticide spraying options and preparing new plant protection machinery. After analyzing the situation of forestry pest control and the importance of the precision pesticide application, the paper reviewed the researches on pesticide application models such as atomization performance model of nozzle, droplet deposition model (drift model), application dosage adjustment model and prediction model of atomization characteristics, and came up with the suggestions on the researches related to the model synergy for pesticide application process and its prevention and control effect, the profile target spraying model combined with the tree structure model, and the interactive multiple model for precision pesticide application through analyzing synergy mechanism for the two models and real-time synergy environment between forest virtual growth model and coupling model.