林火行为和扑救技术研究进展

森林火灾会破坏森林资源,积极开展林火扑救研究对于保护森林资源具有重要意义。林火行为研究一直是林火研究领域的重点。文中针对地下火、地表火和树冠火3种类型,从火行为和扑救技术2个方面进行综述;认为通过研究林火发生与蔓延机理,建立基于燃烧物理机制的火增长模型,是发展林火扑救技术的科学基础。林火行为未来研究的重点是,探究自然条件下的地下火蔓延机制,发展地下火探测技术;完善地表火和树冠火蔓延的物理模型,确定地表火向树冠火转换的临界条件;提升火行为预报能力和开发扑救装备,增强扑救能力。

Research Progress in Forest Fire Behavior and Suppression Technology

Fire is a threat to forest resources, and the researches on forest fire behavior and suppression are of great significance for the forest resources protection. Fire behavior has always been the focus of fire research. This paper reviews the research on fire behavior of ground fire, surface fire and crown fire and their suppression technology. It is argued that the establishment of fire growth models based on physics mechanism of combustion through the research on forest occurrence and spread mechanism is the scientific basis for improving fire suppression technology. The future fire behavior research will be focused on the spread mechanism of ground fire under natural conditions and develop detection techniques, to improve the physical model of surface fire and crown fire spread, to determine the critical conditions for transformation from surface fire to crown fire, and to develop the fire behavior prediction capacity and fire-fighting equipment for achieving the better suppression capability.