渤海湾河口三角洲盐碱地生态修复研究进展

河口三角洲是盐碱地集中分布区域，是我国国土空间生态修复关注的重点之一。针对渤海湾河海交汇地区盐碱地生态修复问题及其治理需求，文中从盐碱地生态修复概念、研究热点、区域性修复技术等方面进行了总结归纳。通过研究发现，基于区域经济发展驱动、治理需求以及盐碱地水盐环境特殊性和修复成本因素，渤海湾河口地区盐碱地生态修复研究主要集中在大型河口三角洲地区，对中小型河口研究较为薄弱，呈现出由单一修复措施向综合集成、系统修复方向转变，各入海河口区盐碱地生态修复研究的侧重点不同，以植物修复为主、工程技术为辅的生态修复模式是当前盐碱地治理实践和研究的热点，但对人为活动和自然干扰综合影响下的盐碱地生态修复与调控机理以及不同措施组合、植物配置模式的生态修复效益评价体系的研究较为缺乏。未来需要强化以生物改良为主的综合治理和技术集成研究，重视渤海湾地区人类活动和自然等干扰影响研究以及水资源约束下的盐碱地生态修复技术研发，加强生态修复机理及效果的长期试验观测，科学建立治理综合效益评价指标体系，注重盐碱地生态修复体系的稳定性和可持续性。

Research Progress of Ecological Restoration of Saline and Alkaline Land in Estuary Delta of Bohai Bay

Estuary delta, where saline-alkali land is distributed widely, is one of the key topics of ecological restoration in territorial space. In view of the ecological restoration issues and treatment requirement of saline and alkaline land in the intersection area of Bohai Bay, the paper summarized and concludes the concept, research topics and regional restoration technology of saline-alkaline land ecological restoration. It is found that, driven by regional economic development, treatment needs, restoration cost and the special environment of saline-alkaline land, the research on the ecological restoration of saline-alkaline land in the estuary areas of Bohai Bay mainly is more focused on large estuarine deltas than on the small and medium-sized estuaries. Integrated, comprehensive and systematic ecological restoration measures have gradually replaced the separate single measure, and the research on saline-alkaline land ecological restoration for different estuaries are differently targeted even though the ecological restoration mode which plant restoration is the dominated measure assisted by engineering technology. However, there is little research on the ecological restoration and control mechanism of saline-alkali land as well as the mixed measures under the comprehensive influence of human activities and natural disturbances as well as the cost-benefit evaluation system of ecological restoration of different plant configuration modes. In the future, there is a need to strengthen the research on comprehensive treatment and technology integration around biological improvement, highlight the research on the ecological restoration technology development of saline-alkaline land under the effect of human and natural disturbances and water resources constraints in Bohai Bay, enhance the long-term experimental observation on the mechanism and effect of ecological restoration, establish a scientific evaluation index system of comprehensive benefits of governance and pay attention to the stability and sustainability of the ecological restoration system of saline-alkali land.