多源流理论视角下中国《森林认证规则》的政策形成过程分析

相对于森林治理领域传统的政府管制，森林认证作为市场化的解决方案为全球森林治理开辟了新的途径。但实践中，实现森林认证的目标依然离不开政府治理。以《森林认证规则》为代表的中国森林认证政策体系在协调政府与市场关系、创造有利政策环境、实施有效监管方面卓有成效。文中通过多源流理论的视角，分析《森林认证规则》的形成原因与影响因素，发现政治源流对《森林认证规则》的政策形成过程影响相对更大，而政策的进一步完善和政策效果的进一步发挥需要问题源流与政策源流在未来发挥更大作用。

Policy Formation Process of China Forest Certification Rules from the Perspective of the Multiple-Streams Theory

Compared with the traditional government regulation in the field of forest governance, forest certification as a market solution has opened a new path for global forest governance. But in practice, the goal of forest certification cannot be achieved without the governance actions from the government. China''s forest certification policy system, represented by the China Forest Certification Rules, has achieved remarkable results in coordinating the relationship between the government and the market, creating a favorable policy environment and implementing effective supervision. From the perspective of the Multiple-Streams Theory, this paper analyzes the reasons behind the formation and influencing factors of the Rules.It is found that the political stream has a greater influence on the policy formation process of the Rules, and the further improvement of the policy and the further play of the policy effectiveness require the problem stream and the policy stream to play a greater role in the future.