分类经营:新西兰林业的实践与借鉴

新西兰７０年一贯制的多效林业经营模式，在创造了人工林奇迹的同时亦带一林业持续发展的下策危机和效益危机。新西兰林业分类经营近１０年的实践初步成功，是建立在人工林集约经营和政府扶持基础上的，是以新西林产工业的市场培育和出口导向为动力的。比较借鉴：建议从集约经营工业人工林入手，为我国林业的分类经营奠定坚实的基础；建议从提高林产业产业素质入手，为分类经营的实现培育市场。

Classified Management of Forests-Learn from the Experience in New Zealand Forestry

In New Zealand forest has been managed for multipurpose for 70 years, however, this regime of forest management created wonders in the development of plantation forestry while it also brought about some crises in the policy and benefit of sustainable development of forestry. To change the crises, the government of New Zealand has reformed the traditional regime of forest management and practiced classified management, thus, plantation forestry is commercialized, the state estate of forestry was sold and managed as enterprises. The practices in the last ten years have proved that the regime of classified management of forest is quite successful, this reform was based on intensive management of plantations and government support, and driven by market oriented forest industry. To learn from the New Zealand experience for establishing the regime of classified management of forest in China, there are two aspects to pay more attention. Chinese plantation forestry has not been intensively managed yet, in terms of both technology and capital, on the other hand, forest industry has not been fully developed, and is not strong enough for competition under market economy. In China the success of classified management of forests will directly depend on how long Chinese forestry will take to become commercialized and the extent to which forest industry will be improved.