桥式起重机吊重偏摆系统的动力学仿真

结合桥式起重机工作特点,应用拉格朗日方程建立桥式起重机吊重偏摆系统的动力学模型。以QD32/5型号桥式起重机作为仿真对象,采用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件对系统在起停阶段和制动后的摆动情况进行仿真。分别控制钢丝绳长度为5 m和10 m,吊重质量为12.5 t和25 t,研究它们对系统振动特性的影响。仿真结果表明：吊摆系统在起停阶段做受迫摆动,制动后做有阻尼摆动;小车运行速度不能稳定,定位的主要影响因素是吊重的质量;制动阶段最大摆角分别为0.12、0.12和0.18 rad,需要加以控制;制动后吊重摆动完全消除的时间都超过120 s。

Dynamic Simulation of the Vibration Performance of Lifting Heavy Objects Deflection Systems for Overhead Cranes

This paper uses Lagrange equations to establish a dynamics deflection system model of a overhead crane when transporting heavy objects combing the working characteristics. An overhead crane with QD32 /5 model is chosen as the simulation object,using Matlab / Simulink software to simulate the swing of the system from the starting phase to braking phase and after braking phase. Rope length is controlled at 5 meters and 10 meters and the weight of the objects is controlled at 12. 5 tons and 25 tons to study their effects on the vibration characteristics of the system. The simulation result shows that the system is forced to do the swing from starting phase towards braking phase while it conducts swing damping after braking. The speed of the lifting trolley is not stable and the main factor of positioning is the weight. The maximum swing angles in the braking phase are 0. 12 rad,0. 12rad,and 0. 18 rad,which should be controlled. It takes more than 120 s for each of the swing to be completely eliminated.