云南剑湖湿地省级自然保护区2003~2019年土地利用变化特征

以2003年和2019年剑湖保护区土地利用调查数据为基础数据,使用Excel软件进行了剑湖保护区2003年和2019年土地利用面积数据以及2003~2019年土地利用变化面积数据统计,并利用ArcGIS软件制作了2003年和2019年剑湖保护区土地利用分布图。结果表明:2003年13种土地利用类型面积从大到小的排序为乔木林地、旱地、湖泊水面、灌木林地、水田、其他林地、农村宅基地、水库水面、果园、坑塘水面、其他草地、沼泽地和采矿用地,2019年19种土地利用类型面积从大到小的排序为乔木林地、旱地、湖泊水面、灌木林地、水田、农村宅基地、水库水面、公路用地、沼泽地、其他草地、坑塘水面、果园、其他林地、河流水面、水浇地、机关团体用地、采矿用地、仓储用地和设施农用地。2006年和2019年,湖泊水面仅有分布于金华坝中的剑湖水域,沼泽地仅分布在剑湖湖滨带区域,水库水面仅有分布于山地区中的玉华水库水域,坑塘水面为仅分布于剑湖周边的鱼塘,水田、水浇地和河流水面全部分布于金华坝中剑湖的周边地区,旱地、农村宅基地和公路用地主要分布在金华坝中剑湖和山地区中玉华水库的周边区域,果园和其他林地主要分布在剑湖东面金华坝与周边山地区的过渡地段,乔木林地、灌木林地和其他草地主要分布在山地区,采矿用地仅分布在剑湖东北面靠近金华坝的山地区,机关团体用地仅有分布于剑湖环湖路外金龙河西侧的剑湖保护区管护局所在地,仓储用地仅有分布于剑湖西面环湖路外的堆矿场地,设施农用地呈现无规律分布特征。2003~2019年,呈减少的2种类型面积从大到小的排序为旱地和其他林地,呈增加的17种类型面积从大到小的排序为:灌木林地、乔木林地、公路用地、农村宅基地、沼泽地、其他草地、坑塘水面、水田、湖泊水面、河流水面、果园、水浇地、机关团体用地、采矿用地、仓储用地、水库水面和设施农用地。

Characteristics of Land Use Changes From 2003 to 2019 in Yunnan Jianhu Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve

Based on the land use survey data of Jianhu Nature Reserve in 2003 and 2019,Excel software is used to calculate the land use area data of Jianhu Nature Reserve in 2003 and 2019 and the land use change area data statistics from 2003 to 2019,and Use ArcGIS software is used to make land use distribution maps of Jianhu Nature Reserve in 2003 and 2019.The results showed that:The area of the 13 land use types in 2003 were arbor woodland>dry lands>water areas>shrub woodlands>paddy fields>other woodlands>rural homestead>reservoir water surface>orchards>pond water surface>other grasslands>marshlands and mining lands;the area of the 19 land use types in 2019 were arbor woodlands>dry lands>water areas>shrub woodlands>paddy fields>rural homestead>reservoir water surface>road lands>swamp lands>other grasslands>pond water surface>orchards>other woodlands>river water surface>irrigated lands>government organization lands>mining lands>storage lands and facility agricultural lands.In 2006 and 2019,the water areas were only distributed in the Jianhu Lake of Jinhua basin;the marshlands were only distributed in the Jianhu Lakeside,and the reservoir water surface was only distributed in the Yuhua Reservoir.The pond water surface was only distributed in fish pond around Jianhu Lake.Paddy fields,irrigated lands and river water surfaces are all distributed in the surrounding areas of Jianhu Lake in Jinhua basin.Dry lands,rural homestead and road lands were mainly distributed at the surrounding areas of Jianhu Lake in Jinhua basin and the Yuhua Reservoir;orchards and other woodlands were mainly distributed in the transitional sections between Jinhua basin on the east of Jianhu Lake and the surrounding mountain areas.Arbor woodlands,shrub woodlands and other grasslands were mainly distributed in mountain areas;Mining land was only distributed inthe mountain area northeast of Jianhu Lake near the Jinhua basin;government organization lands were only distributed in Jianhu Nature Reserve Management and Conservation Bureau located at the west side of Jinlong River;storage lands were only located at Huanhu Road in west of Jianhu Lake,and facility agricultural lands presented irregular distribution characteristics.From 2003 to 2019,dry lands and other forest lands were decreasing in land areas;shrub forest lands,arbor forest lands,road lands,rural homesteads,swamps,other grasslands,pond water surfaces,paddy fields,water areas,river areas,orchards,irrigated lands,government organization lands,mining lands,storage lands,reservoir water surfaceand facility agricultural lands were increasing.