基于卫星影像的北京城区绿地景观格局分析

基于3S和景观生态学原理,利用卫星影像,在对北京城区绿地进行分类的基础上,选取景观破碎度、景观分离度、Shannon多样性指数及景观分维数等对北京城区绿地的景观格局进行了评价。结果表明:北京城区绿地总面积12 934.405 4 hm2,斑块18 730个,多样性指数1.03;居民区绿地、街头绿地和公园绿地的破碎度分别为332.32个·km-2、69.34个·km-2和1.75个·km-2,分离度分别为0.72、1.90和7.32,分维数分别为1.58、1.49和1.22;内环和外环居民区绿地多样性指数0.54,破碎度分别为450.39个·km-2和296.20个·km-2,分离度分别为0.90、2.00。北京城区绿地景观格局分布不合理,景观多样性指数较低。

Analysis of landscape pattern of the urban green space in Beijing based on satellite image

According to the "3S" techniques and the principles of landscape ecology,the landscape pattern of the urban green space in Beijing was analyzed in this paper from the landscape fragmentation index,landscape isolation index,Shannon diversity index and landscape fractal dimension index.It was concluded that there were 18 730 patches of the urban green space with an area of 12 934.4054 hm2.The Shannon diversity index is 1.03.The landscape fragmentation indexes of the residential,street and park green space were 332.32,69.34 and 1.75 patch·km-2,respectively,while the landscape isolation indexes were 0.72,1.90 and 7.32,respectively,the landscape fractal dimension indexes were 1.58,1.49 and 1.22,respectively.Also,the Shannon diversity index of the residential space of inner and outer loops was 0.54,the landscape fragmentation indexes were 450.39 and 296.20 patch·km-2,respectively,and the landscape isolation indexes were 0.90 and 2.00,respectively.The distribution of the landscape was not reasonable and the landscape diversity index was low.