退耕还林地造林树种选择的探讨

退耕还林，是我国当前为改善生态环境、治理国土的一项重大决策。为使退耕还林农户获取较高经济收益，“稳得住”退耕还林土地，其关键在于退耕还林地造林树种的正确选择。为获得发展山区经济、改善生态环境的双重效益，退耕还林地的造林树种选择，应遵循适地适树、乡土树种优先、经济效益与生态效益相统一、按不同效益区划选择树种、多种乔灌草植物相结合、为野生动物提供食物和庇护场所的6项原则。从利用花、果实、种子、芽、枝叶为主获取经济效益，而不以砍伐树干，取根获得效益出发，提出了青剌尖等30余种树种供云南的退耕还林地作造林树种选择用。

Exploration on Tree Species Selection for the Forest Rehabilitation Project

Forest rehabilitation project is a policy of our country, which will improve the ecological environment and supervise the land resource. In order to make the farmers who participant in this project get a high income and make sure the arable land is really returned to forest, the key thing is to select the right silvicultural trees. For the sake of developing the economic of mountainous area and improving the ecological environment, selecting silvicultural trees, six principles should be complied: the appropriate species for the appropriate site, considering local species first, attaching importance to not only economic benefit but also ecological benefit, selecting different species for different purpose, integrating multiplicate species of trees, shrubs and grasses into a system, offering food and habitat for the wild life. Based on getting benefit not by getting timber, but making use of the flowers, fruits, seeds, buds, leaves and branches, more than 30 species such as Prinsepia utilis were suggested as silvicutural trees for the forest rehabilitation in yunnan province.