油茶低产低效的内外影响因子调查

油茶是我国分布最广、面积最大的木本油料树种.新中国成立以来,国家和地方投于油茶的人力、物力居所有经济树种之首,但低产低效面貌长期得不到改变,在面积成倍增加的情况下,产量还达不到战前水平.调查认为,秋冬开花,频繁冻害座果率低,品种混杂劣种居多,长期垦复导致水土流失、土壤肥力下降是引起低产的主要因素;而油茶价格低,投工量大也是低效的重要原因之一.在总结经验的基础上,认为应以生态理念指导油茶生产,提出停止挖山垦复,保持和改善林下植被,控制水土流失,分类经营,因地制宜的推广良种;同时要大力宣传茶油的保健功能,提高茶油的价格.

Studies on Internal and External Factors Which Related with Low Yield and Poor Benefit in Camellia oleifera

With a large area,Camellia oleifera is a woody oil tree species widely distributed in China.Since 1949,China central and local governments have invested a lot of labor force and financial in developing this species,but the situation of low yield and poor benefit was no obviously changed.Although the areas of this species were increased several times,the yields were even lower than that before 1937.Investigations showed that the lower yields of this species were mainly resulted from the lower fruit-setting r...