粤北地区杉木真菌性病害种类

对粤北地区 ( 小坑林场、龙山林场、大坑山林场 ) 杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolate）真菌性病害进行全面调查，共采集 86 份标本，分离病组织获得菌株 162 份，主要归属于炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum）、拟盘多毛孢属（Pestalotiopsis）、腐皮壳属（Diaporthe）、镰刀菌属（Fusarium）、黑孢菌属（Nigrospora）、拟茎点霉属（Phomopsis）、叶点霉属（Phyllosticta）以及散斑壳属（Lophodermium）等。根据病害症状粤北地区主要杉木病害包括：杉木立枯病、杉木炭疽病、杉木溃疡病、杉木顶枯病、杉木梢枯病、杉木赤枯病、杉木球果坏死。各林场杉木林中，杉木炭疽病普遍发生、分布广；种子园中杉木球果病害危害严重，直接影响球果的产量和质量；在大坑山林场 4-5 年生的林分中，杉木顶枯病大面积发生，但在其它地区少有发生；此外，杉木溃疡病、杉木赤枯病和杉木立枯病在个别无性系或者苗圃中零星发生，但危害较轻。

The fungal diseases of Chinese fir in northern Guangdong

The fungal diseases of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolate) were investigated in northern Guangdong (Xiaokeng forest farm, Longshan forest farm, and Dakeng mountain forest farm). A total of 86 samples were collected in this study, and 162 strains were isolated from the diseased tissues, which mainly belonged into the genus of Colletotrichum, Pestalotiopsis, Diaporthe, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Phomopsis, Phyllosticta, and Lophodermium. According to disease symptoms, Chinese ?r diseases in northern Guangdong mainly included Chinese fir seedling blight, Chinese fir anthracnose, Chinese fir canker, blight of Chinese fir, Chinese ?r shoot blight, Chinese ?r needle blight, and Chinese ?r cone necrosis. The anthrax of Chinese ?r was common and the most widely in all kinds of Chinese ?r forest. In seed orchards, the disease of Chinese ?r cone was serious, which directly affected the yields and quality of seeds. In Dakeng mountain forest farm, the blight of Chinese ?r occurred in a large scale, but rarely in other places. In addition, the Chinese ?r canker disease, the needle blight, and the seedling blight occurred sporadically, but the harm were light.