深圳铁岗-石岩市级湿地自然保护区典型次生林物种多 样性与土壤化学性质

以深圳市铁岗 - 石岩市级湿地自然保护区 4 个典型次生林固定样地为研究对象，对其物种多样 性进行调查，用常规分析方法测定土壤的主要化学性质。研究结果显示：（1）调查样地中共有 39 科 67 属 89 种植物，以海南蒲桃（Syzygium hainanense）、阴香（Cinnamomum burmannii）、木荷（Schima superba） 和樟（Cinnamomum camphora）等为主要数量优势种；（2）不同样地物种丰富度指数和 Shannnon-Wiener 多样性指数排序分别为乔木层 > 灌木层 > 草本层和灌木层 > 乔木层 > 草本层，乔木层 Simpson 优势度指 数高于灌木层和草本层；灌木层 Pielou 均匀度指数高于乔木层和草本层；（3）土壤 pH 值为 4.28~4.51， EC 为 0.031~0.062 ms/cm，有机质和全氮含量分别为 12.37~39.56 g/kg 和 0.50~1.47 g/kg，全磷含量为 0.35~0.39 g/kg，全钾含量为 14.63~37.17 g/kg，碱解氮含量为 39.19~140.36 mg/kg，有效磷含量为 0.94~8.90 mg/kg，速效钾含量为 35.15~97.03 mg/kg；（4）4 个样地物种多样性指数和土壤化学性质之间不存显著相关 关系。研究结果显示，土壤氮、磷、钾含量是影响铁岗—石岩自然保护区植被分布的主要因素。

Species Diversity and Soil Chemical Properties of Typical Secondary Forest in Tiegang-Shiyan Natural Reserve in Shenzhen

Based on information from four typical secondary forest plots (30 m × 30 m) in Tiegang-Shiyan Natural Reserve in Shenzhen, the species diversity, and the main chemical properties of the forest soil were studied. The results showed 39 families, 67 genera and 89 species are living in the forests, dominated by Syzygium hainanense, Cinnamomum burmannii, Schima superba, and Cinnamomum camphora. According to importance of species in tree layer, the surveying plots in the reserve were divided into 4 types, Syzygium hainanenseCastanopsis carlesii forest, Cinnamomum burmannii forest, Schima superba forest and Cinnamomum camphoraCastanopsis fissa forest. Species richness index and the Shannnon-Wiener diversity index varied with forest typesin the orders of arbor layer > shrub layer > herb layer and shrub layer > arbor layer > herb layer, respectively. Simpson dominance index was higher in arbor layer than in shrub layer and herb layer. The Pielou evenness index was higher in shrub layer than in tree layer and herb layer. Soil was generally acidic with pH of 4.28-4.51 and electronic conductivity of 0.031-0.062 ms/cm. Soil organic matter varied from 12.37-39.56 g/kg with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium ranges of 0.50-1.47 g/kg, 0.35-0.39 g/kg, and 14.63 -37.17 g/kg, respectively. The content of hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 39.19- 140.36 mg/kg, 0.94-8.90 mg/kg and 35.15-97.03 mg/kg, respectively. The species richness index was highly correlated with soil chemical properties. However, there were no significant correlations between Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, Pielou evenness index and soil chemical properties. The results of this research indicated that the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is the major actor to influence the distribution of the vegetation.