山核桃人工林生物多样性研究

为构建山核桃人工林可持续经营群落，用群落调查法研究了浙江省临安市不同经营措施类型山核桃人工林的物种多样性，结果表明：（1）绵枣儿、天葵、麦冬、地丁、鹅观草、猪殃殃等物种在各经营类型林地中重要值相对较高。（2）丰富度指数在16～33之间，均匀度指数在0．72—0．85之间，Simpson指数在0．83～0．93之间．Shannon．Wiener指数在3．07～4．23之间。（3）类型c（长期使用草甘磷除草的林地）的Shan-non．Wiener指数和丰富度指数低于类型A（近3年未使用草甘磷，每年施肥2次的林地）和类型B（近3年未使用草甘磷，并未施肥的林地），Simpson指数大小依次为：类型A〉类型B〉类型c，均匀度指数类型A与类型C基本相等，而类型B最少。对于类型c，需要改变林地的经营措施，加速林下植被的恢复，合理引入绵枣儿、天葵、麦冬、地丁、鹅观草、猪殃殃等适应性较强的物种。

Studies on the Species Diversity in Different Management

The characteristics of species diversity of different types management measures Carya cathayensis Sarg.; artificial forestry were studied. The results were as follows: Firstly, the species such as Scilla scilloides (Lindl.) Druce, Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino, Ophiopogon japonicus (Linn. f.) Ker-Gawl, Viola philippica Cav, Roegneria kamoji Ohwi, Galium aparine Linn. var. tenerum Gren.et Godr had a comparable higher important value index in every community type. Secondly, the richness index of shrub layer species of different community types ranged from 16to33, and the evenness index from 0.7205 to0.8537; the Simpson index from 0.8327 to0.9304, the Shannon-Wiener index from 3.0750 to 4.2288. Thirdly, The species richness index and Shannon-Wiener index of type C were lower than those of the other two types, the Simpson index order was type A> type B> type C and the evenness index order was type A and type C is basically the same, and type B was at least. Fourthly, for type C, suitable measures should be changed to accelerate the restoration of understory vegetation, including introducing endurable species, such as Scilla scilloides (Lindl.) Druce, Semiaquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino., Ophiopogon japonicus (Linn. f.) Ker-Gawl., Viola philippica Cav, Roegneria kamoji Ohwi, Galium aparine Linn. var. tenerum Gren.et Godr. to improve the recovery course of undergrowth vegetation.