酚醛树脂对人工林杉木木材的浸注性及其改善的研究

研究了低分子量酚醛树脂对杉木木材的浸注性及树脂在木材内的分布状态，并对苯醇抽提前处理法、常压浸渍和真空浸注的效果进行了评价。无论抽提处理与否，常压浸渍的树脂水溶液充填率为理论最大浸注量的10％左右，而真空浸注可达到90％以上，真空浸注效果明显；无论是常压浸渍还是真空浸注，抽提处理后树脂的浸注性有很大改善，但常压浸渍的效果不是非常明显。软X射线解析样品纵向树脂分布状态结果表明：无论是否经过抽提处理，在常压浸渍的情况下，树脂主要分布在样品的端部，而经过真空浸注处理，树脂注入的深度增加，尤其经过抽提处理后树脂可达到样品中心。由此可见，抽提处理和真空浸注并用，使树脂的分布状态有很大改善。另外，抽提处理后样品之间树脂分布的差异也趋于减小，即树脂在样品间的分布状态也有改善。用实体显微镜观察树脂在木材细胞腔内的充填状况结果表明：沿着样品纵向从端部到中心树脂充填率呈下降趋势，而且抽提处理的充填率比未抽提处理的高。

STUDY ON THE IMPREGNATION OF PHENOL RESIN IN CHINESE FIR AND ITS IMPROVEMENT

The impregnation and distribution of phenol resin in Chinese Fir and its improvement methods by extracted and vacuum treated were studied. ERL(effectiveness of resin loading)of phenol resin aqueous solution was 10% under soaking condition at atmosphere, but it increased to 90% under the vacuum condition whether or not the specimens were extracted. The weight of impregnated resin in the wood with vacuum treatment was remarkably higher than that at atmosphere soaking. The distribution of resin at longitudinal direction of the wood was analyzed by soft X-ray densitometry. The results showed that the resin was mainly distributed on the end of the specimens that were treated at atmosphere soaking whether or not the specimens were extracted. The resin by vacuum impregnation can be impregnated more deeply than by atmosphere soaking for the specimens without extracting, and even reach the center of the specimens if the specimens were extracted. The variation of the resin distribution in the wood was small by test for homogeneity of variance and welch test after the specimens were extracted. It means that the impregnation and distribution of resin in the wood were improved by the vacuum and extraction treatment. Meanwhile, in the longitudinal direction and radial direction of the specimens, the resin distribution were analyzed by the microscope to observe the resin loading condition in lumen. In the longitudinal direction, the loading rate decreased from end to the center of the specimens. But the loading rates of extracted specimens were higher than that of un-extracted specimens at the same location in the longitudinal direction.