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对中国林业可持续发展问题的基本认识
引用本文:黄选瑞,张玉珍,周怀钧,滕起和,卢占山.对中国林业可持续发展问题的基本认识[J].林业科学,2000,36(4):85-91.
作者姓名:黄选瑞  张玉珍  周怀钧  滕起和  卢占山
作者单位:1. 河北农业大学林学院,保定,071000
2. 河北省林业勘察设计院,石家庄,050081
3. 包头市师范学校,包头,014000
基金项目:河北省林业厅!《河北省林业分类经营基础研究》课题,河北农业大学!《海滦河流域森林生态效益补偿机制综合研究》 课题
摘    要:林业是环境再生产的主导产业。林业可持续发展,关键在于规范和调整林业部门的经营、管理行为。而森林的可持续经营强调通过对森林生态系统的有效经营管理。为社会经济发展提供多种物质产品和环境服务功能。中国林业发展面临着:巨大的人口压力、经济运行体制和变革、现行林业政策体系不健全,以及土地资源相对不足、水资源总量少、生态环境形势依然严峻的现实。林业发展目标取向的现实差异,要求政府建立起活当的协调机制,在保障森林经营者、部门,乃至全体公民合法权益的基础上,实现林业可持续发展社会、经济、生态环境目标的协调。关于林业可持续发展实践,一是要明显特定区域对林业的需求结构和自然基础;二是建立相应的社会、经济、生态环境目标和森林目标;三是构筑起配套的技术体系;四是完美政策保障体系。中国自然资源结构、地理特征和社会经济发展进程中,对于林产

关 键 词:中国  林业  可持续发展  森林可持续经营  区域化
修稿时间:1999-10-28

BASIC KNOWLEDGE ON SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA
Huang Xuanrui,Zhang Yuzhen,Zhou Huaijun,Teng Qihe,Lu Zhanshan.BASIC KNOWLEDGE ON SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2000,36(4):85-91.
Authors:Huang Xuanrui  Zhang Yuzhen  Zhou Huaijun  Teng Qihe  Lu Zhanshan
Institution:Huang Xuanrui\ Zhang Yuzhen Zhou Huaijun (Hebei Agricultural University\ Baoding 071000) Teng Qihe (Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning of Hebei Province\ Shijia Zhuang 050081) Lu Zhanshan (Baotou Normal School\ Baotou 014000)
Abstract:Forestry is a major industry in environmental reproduction. The key of sustainable forestry development lies in regulating and adjusting the management behaviors of forest manager and department. By means of managing forest ecosystem effectively, sustainable forest management emphasizes that forest ecosystem provides varied material products and environment services for social and economical development. The facts that forestry confronts in China include: enormous population pressure, transform of economical system, unsoundness of forestry policy systems in effect, as well as the relative inadequate land resources, the total quantity of water resources in China is not enough, and the critical situation of ecological environment. There is practical variance in objective orientation of forestry development the government must strike up appropriate harmonious mechanism based on ensuring legal authority of forest managers, forest department and all citizenry and to realize the coordination of society, economy and environment objectives of sustainable forestry development. Forestry department must join society and ecological environment objectives into economy objectives to avoid or decrease the appearance of external diseconomy. To the sustainable forestry development, the essential task is to set up the ecologically rational, socially and economically feasible operating system in management. It has four specific tasks. Firstly, determining what natural basis for agricultural management is needed in the process of sustainable forestry development; Secondly, combining the above social demands with natural basis, to determine the social, economic and ecological environment objective, and the forest objective in the sustainable forestry development which can guarantee the realization of the three objectives; Thirdly, to determine the means of realizing the objective of sustainable forestry development, including the strategy, the special means, the technological system of the sustainable forestry development and its operating system; Fourth, to improve the guarantee system of sustainable forestry development, including the system of macro regulation and control by the government, the system of public participation, management system, the system of rational disposition of interests based on the property right system and the system of the scientific research and education in forestry. In China, the natural resourecs structure, geographical characters and the present situation of social and economic development appear conspicuous regional division rules. So the difference of needs for forest products and forest ecosystem environment function, as well as the difference of forestry development load are existed in social and economic development process for different regional or different periods in the same regional. Therefore, regionalisation has a very important significance in practices of sustainable forestry development.
Keywords:China  Sustainable forestry development  Sustainable forest management  Regionalisation
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