坚强芽孢杆菌对3种病原真菌的抗生现象

病害生物防治,具有无污染、不诱导抗药性、防效持久等特点,是今后植物病害控制的主要方向,也是综合治理的一个重要环节.

The Antagonism of Bacillus firmus against Three Strains of Pathogenetic Fungi

Bacillus firmus, an antagonistic bacterium isolated from the soil by three_layer agar method,strongly inhibited the growth of three kinds of pathogenetic fungi causing seedling damping_off. By enclosed chamber test,the inhibitory rates of volatilizable metabolites from B. firmus were 8.43%,9.98%,5.59% against Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium solani,Pythium sp.;Antagonistic substance which was strongly antagonistic to plant pathology fungi can be produced by \%B. firmus\% after cultured for 3 or 2 days,for example,the inhibitory rates of the nonvolatilizable metabolites from B. firmus were 64.04%,29.59%,99.99% against R. solani,F. solani,Pythium sp. after cultured for 64 h. The scanning electronic microscope revealed that the growth of \%R. solani\% was inhibited by non_volatilizable metabolites from B. firmus, their cells of hyphae were expanded to ellipsoid or globular structure in the top or middle cell of hyphae, some hyphae were broken off, and the cytoplasm oozed out of the cells so that most of hyphae became crinkle and shriveled.