森林、造林、再造林和毁林的定义与碳计量问题

森林的定义与土地利用，土地利用变化和林业（LULUCF）碳吸收或排放的计量密切相关。同时也是造林，再造林和毁林（ARD）定义的基础；ARD的定义直接关系到《京都议定书》第三条第三款（3.3条款）ARD活动引起的汇清除的计量和大小。本文基于森林有关定义国际研讨会和IPCC有关LULUCF碳计量的方法学指南的研讨和交流。通过大量资料收集和信息查询，对主要国际公约，国际组织和各国森林和ARD的定义进行了调研。并分析讨论了不同定义及其对LULUCF碳计量的影响。提出了碳计量中需要关注的焦点问题。

DEFINITIONS OF AFFORESTATION, REFORESTATION AND DEFORESTATION IN RELATIONS TO CARBON ACCOUNTING

The definition of forest is the basis of defining afforestation, reforestation and defforestation (ARD) activities and has close relations with the carbon accounting for the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. Definitions of ARD can significantly impact accounted carbon emission or removal by ARD under the Kyoto Protocol 3.3. Based on the information and discussions on the Expert Meeting on Harmonizing Forest-related Definitions for Use by Various Stakeholders and two expert meeting on LULUCF Good Practice Guidance, national and international definitions of forest and ARD were investigated in the paper, the impacts of forest and ARD definitions on carbon accounting were discussed and key issues in carbon accounting were also addressed.