集体林地不同经营模式对林地经营投入的影响——以江西省为例

【目的】试图回答集体林地不同经营模式对农户林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响,以促进森林资源增长和林业可持续发展。【方法】基于江西省集体林区10个样本县50个样本村500户农户调查数据,运用计量模型分析联户经营、股份合作经营对农户林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响。【结果】联户经营对农户是否参与资金投入具有显著促进作用,其影响系数为1.013,且联户经营对农户资金投入规模也具有显著正向影响,对资金总投入和单位面积投入的影响系数分别为4.174 和1.909;股份合作经营对农户劳动力投入规模具有显著正向影响,对劳动力总投入和单位面积投入的影响系数分别为0.521 和0.180;股份合作经营对采伐政策具有正向调节作用,联户经营和股份合作经营能够减轻偏远山区交通不便对劳动力投入的限制;农户家庭人力资本、林地状况、经济能力等禀赋对农户林地经营投入也具有不同程度影响。【结论】联户经营和股份合作经营能够促进农户林地经营投入,但目前发展程度较低,对林地资金投入和劳动力投入的影响存在较大差异。为促进林业可持续发展,应引导联户经营和股份合作经营的规范化、程序化,尤其在交通偏远的地区,倡导联户经营和股份合作经营,发挥其成员多、信息广等优势;同时,加强集体林权配套改革和林区基础设施改善,增强农户营林积极性。

Impact of Various Collective Forest Management Modes on Forestry Investment: A Case Study of Jiangxi Province

【Objective】 This paper attempted to answer the question of what specific impact on households’ capital input and labor input in forest management could be caused by engaging in different forest management types.The concerns are of important significance in enhancing forest resource growth and forestry sustainable development.【Method】 This research conducted a sample survey of 500 forestry farm households,50 villages,and 10 counties in Jiangxi Province.By applying quantitative regression method,the research analyzed the impacts of partnership management and joint shareholding management on households’ capital input and labor input in forest management.【Result】 Partnership management had a statistically positive influence on households’ participation in capital investment in forest management with a coefficient of 1.013.It also significantly impacted the intensity of capital input.The coefficients were 4.174 for total input and 1.909 for per unit input,respectively.Joint shareholding management had a promoting effect on the amount of labor use in forest management,with coefficient of 0.521 for total input and 0.180 for per unit input.In addition,the impact of logging quota policy could be positively regulated by joint shareholding management.Partnership management and joint shareholding management significantly reduced the restrictions on labor input from long distance to township in mountainous areas.Rural households’ human capital characteristics,forest land resource characteristics,and finance ability characteristics had diverse effects on households’ investment in forest land management.【Conclusion】 Partnership management and joint shareholding management can promote household forest management investment.However,the development of partnership management and joint shareholding management is relatively low.What is more,the impacts of partnership management and joint shareholding management on capital input are different from those on labor input.Therefore,in order to promote the sustainable development of forestry,it is necessary to guide the standardization and procedure of partnership management and joint shareholding management.Especially in remote mountainous areas,we should take the advantages of plentiful members and wide information sources of partnership management and joint shareholding management.Meanwhile,coordinated reform of collective forest tenure and forest infrastructure should be improved,so as to incent farmers to participate in forest management.