柞蚕蛹胶囊饲养蠋蝽对其捕食枸杞棉蚜功能的影响

为探明柞蚕Antheraea pernyi蛹胶囊饲养的蠋蝽Aram chinensis对枸杞棉蚜Aphis gossypii捕食功能的影响,在室内分别测定柞蚕蛹和柞蛹胶囊饲养不同虫态蠋蝽对枸杞棉蚜的捕食功能反应、搜寻效应、种内干扰效应。结果表明:2种饲料饲养的同一虫态蠋蝽对枸杞棉蚜的捕食功能反应,无显著差异,均符合HollingⅡ型方程;各虫态的捕食量,2种饲料间也无显著差异,3龄若虫单日理论最大捕食量分别为33.8头和36.0头,高于其他虫态,搜寻效应最高;2种饲养方式下的蠋蝽均存在种内干扰,随着蠋蝽自身密度的增加总捕食量增加,但单头捕食量下降;自身密度干扰效应符合Hassell-Varley模型;相比之下3龄若虫的种内干扰系数较低,2龄若虫的较高。从功能反应、种内干扰等指标显示,柞蚕蛹胶囊饲养的蠋蝽对其捕食能力无不良影响,可用于规模化饲养蠋蝽,而且3龄若虫捕食量大,为田间释放首选虫态。

Effects of Antherea pernyi capsule diet on predational function of Aram chinensis to Aphis gossypii

In order to evaluate the effects of the diet such as Antheraea pernyi capsule on the predatory ability of Aram chinensis to control Aphis gossypii,the predation functional response,searching rate,intraspecific interference and intensity of scrambling competition of A.chinensis during different developmental stages to A.gossypii were tested in laboratory.The results showed that the predation functional response of all instars of A.chinensis fed on both diet had no significant difference,and fitted the model of HollingⅡwell.The maximum theoretical predation amount of the 3 rd instar of A.chinensis fed on pupal capsule diet and pupae were 33.8 and 36.0 individual per day respectively,which were higher than that of other instars and had the highest searching rate.Intraspecific interference existed in both kinds of diets which A.chinensis was reared with.As the increase of the density of A.chinensis itself,the total predation number of A.chinensis increased,but the average individual predation number decreased.The intraspecific interference of A.chinensis fitted the model of Hassell-Varley well.The intraspecific interference of the 3 rd instar of A.chinensis was lower,while that of 2 nd instar was higher.Judging from the functional response,intraspecific interference and other index,the capsule diet had no negative effects on the predation ability of A.chinensis.The capsule diet could be used for mass rearing of A.chinensis and the 3 rd instar was the better stage for field release to controlling the wolf berry aphids.