森林有害生物的生态控制技术与措施

从森林生物灾害与森林生态系统功能的关系、森林病虫害防治历史、社会对森林病虫害防治策略的需求出发，论述了森林有害生物控制的新策略一生态控制，定义了森林有害生物生态控制，分析了森林有害生物生态控制的理论基础和特点，对森林有害生物生态控制技术及其措施进行了讨论，包括森林有害生物生态控制技术途径——森林生态系统分析与设计，森林生态系统建立，森林生态系统维护(监测、风险分析、预测、决策、维护方案的编制与实施)，森林生态系统更新与重建；生态控制措施一立地调控措施，林分经营管理措施，寄主抗性利用和开发措施，生物控制措施(生物(源)农药、生物肥料、天敌利用包括病原微生物和天敌昆虫)，信息素控制措施，应急调控措施(以环境协调性农药控制为主，兼用低毒高效化学农药)等。最后对森林有害生物生态控制及其适用条件进行了评价，认为森林有害生物生态控制是未来森林有害生物控制的主要方向，具有广阔前景。

The techniques and practice of forest pest ecological control

Proceeding from the relationship between forest biological disasters and forest ecosystem functions,the history of forest pest control and the social need for the targets of forest pest management,a new strategy-ecological control was put forward.The paper defined the concept of Forest Pest Ecological Control(FPEC)and analyzed the characteristics,academic and technological bases of FPEC.The technology and methods of FPEC,including the technological route of FPEC-the analysis and design,establishment,maintenance(monitoring,risk analysis,forecast,decision-making and maintenance plan implementation),regeneration and rebuild of forest ecosystem;methods of ecological control-measures of site condition regulation,stands management,application and development of host resistance,bio-control methods(bio-pesticides,bio-fertilizer and use of natural enemies including pathogenic microorganisms and natural enemy insects),pheromone control and emergency regulation measures(using the pesticides in harmony with environment mainly and the chemical pesticides subsidiary) were discussed.In the end,the paper evaluated the FPEC and its suitable conditions.The FPEC represents the main research direction in the future and is bound to have a broad prospect.