林下养鸡对林地土壤特性的影响

林下养鸡为创新农作模式之一,可产生巨大的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。为了探讨林下养鸡的可持续性,在荔枝、芒果及速生桉林下设置养鸡区和未养鸡区,研究了林下养鸡对林地土壤物理性质、土壤养分含量以及土壤微生物多样性等3个方面的影响。结果表明：林下养鸡模式使林地土壤容重降低,总孔隙度变大,非毛细管孔隙度与毛细管孔隙度的比例变大;土壤养分含量提高,而pH值降低;微生物数量明显增加。在土壤总孔隙度、土壤有机质含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量、细菌及真菌数量上,3种树种的养鸡区与未养鸡区的差异均达到显著水平,这表明林下养鸡对林地产生了良性影响,不仅改善了林地土壤性质,而且还提高了土壤肥力,对林木的生长非常有利。

Effect of Feeding Chickens under the Forest on Soil Characteristics

As one of innovative cropping system,feeding chickens under the forest had brought great economic,social and ecological benefits.To explore the sustainability,the soil physical properties,nutrient contents and microbial diversity were investigated in chicken raise plot and non-chicken raise plot in the Lychee,Mango and Eucalyptus forest.The results showed that feeding chicken under the forest made the soil bulk density and pH value decreased,but total porosity,the ratio of capillary porosity and capillary porosity,nutrient contents and microorganism number increased obviously.There existed significant difference in the soil total porosity,soil organic matter content,available phosphorus,available potassium content,and the number of bacteria and fungi between chicken raise plot and non-chicken raise plot,which suggested that feeding chickens under the forest have positive effects on the soil properties and soil fertility,which was very good for the growth of trees.