基于种子含油量的无患子优异种质选择

为筛选种子含油量高的无患子(Sapindus mukorossi)优异种质,对福建、浙江、江西、四川和云南5省10县(市、区)的67株优树的种子含油量、地理位置、生长情况和种子性状进行调查、测定和分析。结果表明,不同种源无患子的含油量差异不显著,但优树个体间差异极大。总体平均含油量为27.69%,福建顺昌种源含油量最高(32.16%),浙江萧山种源含油量最低(23.69%),种子含油量和经度、纬度、树高、胸径、单果重和果核千粒重均无显著相关关系;通过聚类分析可以分为5类,sc02、xs05、jj09、xs04、sc01和jj10这6株优树含油量均在34%以上,其中jj10含油量高达36.40%,为平均水平的1.31倍,可作为无患子生物质原料林建设的良种加以扩繁利用。

Excellent Germplasm Selection of Sapindus mukorossi Based on Oil Content

In order to screen excellent germplasms of Sapindus mukorossi with high oil content, oil content, geographical position, growth situation and seed characteristics of sixty-seven superior trees in ten counties(cities,districts) of five provinces including Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan were investigated, measured and analyzed. Results showed that there were no significant differences in oil contents among different S.mukorossi provenances, but there were significant differences among individuals. Total average oil content was 27.69%. Fujian Shunchang provenance had the highest oil content(32.16%), while Zhejiang Xiaoshan provenance had the lowest oil content(23.69%). Oil content of seeds had no significant correlation with longitude, latitude, tree height, DBH, individual fruit weight and thousand-grain kernel weight. Sixty-seven superior trees could be divided into five categories through clustering analysis. Oil contents of six superior trees sc02, xs05,jj09, xs04, sc01 and jj10 were above 34%, and oil content of jj10 reached 36.40%, which was 1.31 times of total average level. These superior trees could be used as excellent germplasm for construction ofS. mukorossi biomass forests to propagation and utilization.