近自然的设计和管护——建设高效和谐的城市森林

通过多种途径增加城市森林的生物多样性,提高单位面积绿地的生态效益是改善城市生态环境的最佳途径,作者大声疾呼必须制止当前树种单一和纯粹化趋势,更多地采取近自然的设计和管护方式。

Close-to Nature Design and Management, Developing Effective and Harmonious Urban Forest in China

The man-made forest occupies great proportion in urban forest in many cities of our country. Its design and management of urban forest supplement each other, the design decides the orientation of management, while the management also affects the landscape effect and ecological benefits of the design. Some issues on management of urban forest are summarized in the paper. It suggests that many designs only emphasize the visual impression while ignore the ecological benefits. The problem of simplifying the layer structure of forest and purifying it's species composition were ubiquitous, lacking comprehensive analysis of local environment conditions, the phenomena are very outstanding in learning foreign or other city's model by rote. The management model is monotonous and lags behind the urban development and the human demand for returning to nature. The unreasonable designs and management is one of the main reasons for lower ecological benefits, and also caused some other bad aftereffects, such as lower biodiversity, high cost of management. Finally, the thought of close-to-nature design and management is proposed. and it's feasibility and methods were discussed.