清凉峰华南梅花鹿冬季食物资源特征研究

于2006年12月至2007年3月,采用食痕法和样方法观测清凉峰华南梅花鹿采食食物的种类、丰富度及生物量。研究表明,可供华南梅花鹿冬季采食的有15种灌木、8种草本和3种乔木,在生境中出现频次由高至低灌木依次为中国绣球、野山楂、绣线菊、拔葜、映山红、小果蔷薇、悬钩子和盐肤木,草本依次为野古草、牛筋草和蕨。灌木占清凉峰华南梅花鹿冬季食物生物量的57%,草本占31%,乔木占12%。在华南梅花鹿种群分布较多的大坪溪、道场坪、千倾塘、螺蛳尖和马啸5个小区,食物丰富度为95.47 g/m2,显著大于无种群分布的大源塘、干坑、小平溪3个小区(食物丰富度为68.52 g/m2)。研究结果表明,灌木不仅是冬季清凉峰华南梅花鹿的主要食物来源,还为梅花鹿提供良好的隐蔽条件。

Characteristics of Food Resources in Winter for Cervus nippon kopschi in Qingliangfeng

Investigations by teeth traces and square sampling were carried out on species,abundance and biomass of food resources in winter for Cervus nippon kopschi in Qingliangfeng during December 2006 to March 2007.The result showed that there are 15,8 and 3 species of shrub,herb and arbor in winter available for C.nippon kopschi.According to observations,shrubs were feed as follows: Hydrangea chinensis,Crataegus cuneata,Spiraea japonica,Smilax china,Rhododendron simsii,Rosa cymosa,Rubus palmalus and Rhus chinensis taking about 57% of the whole food for C.Nippon kopschi.Herbs were as follows: Arundinella hirta,Eleusine indica and Pteridium aquili-num taking about 31% of the total food.And arbors took 12% of the total food.The abundance of food resources was about 95.47g/m2 in five plots of C.nippon kopschi distribution: Dapingxi,Daochangping,Qianqingtang,Luoshijian and Maxiao.While that in the other three plots Dayuantang,Gankeng and Xiaopingxi where no observation of C.nippon kopschi was 68.52g/m2.The result also showed that in winter shrub was not only the main food resource but also provided a covert for C.nippon kopschi in Qingliangfeng.