基于红外相机的白水河国家级自然保护区偶蹄类活动节律调查

2017年6月—2018年9月,在四川白水河国家级自然保护区利用红外相机对保护区内偶蹄类物种活动节律进行研究。结果显示:1、保护区内共发现六种偶蹄类动物,分别为羚牛、斑羚、鬣羚、林麝、毛冠鹿、野猪。相对多度结果显示,最高的为斑羚(RAI=51.2)和毛冠鹿(RAI=32.6),明显高于其他物种。其余依次为林麝(RAI=13.2)、鬣羚(RAI=4.8)、羚牛(RAI=3.8),最少的为野猪(RAI=2.7)。2、年活动格局上,斑羚和毛冠鹿相似,羚牛和野猪相似,林麝在5月份活动最强,鬣羚在8月份活动最强。3、6种有蹄类的日活动节律显示,斑羚和毛冠鹿的日活动节律较为相似高峰都在6:00—10:00和18:00—20:00;林麝的活动高峰出现在20:00—22:00;鬣羚出现在6:00—8:00;羚牛出现在8:00—10:00;野猪出现在14:00—16:00。随着季节变化6种偶蹄类的活动节律也发生了相应的变化。4、夜行性调查显示,所有6种动物种,林麝为典型的夜行性动物;毛冠鹿夜行性不明显;羚牛、斑羚、鬣羚、野猪不具有明显的夜行性。

The Activity Rhythm Survey of Ungulates in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve Based on Infrared Camera Trapping

From June 2017 to September 2018,an infrared camera-trapping survey was used to study the activity rhythm of ungulate species in Baishuihe National Nature Reserve,Sichuan.The results showed that:(1)Six ungulates species were found in the nature reserve,namely Budorcas taxicolor,Naemorhedus goral,Capricornis sumatraensis,Moschus berezovskii,Elaphodus cephalophus and Sus scrofa.Relative abundance analysis results showed that the highest were Naemorhedus goral(RAI=42.9)and Elaphodus cephalophus(RAI=32.6),which were significantly higher than other species.The rest were Moschus berezovskii(RAI=13.2),Capricornis sumatraensis(RAI=4.8),Budorcas taxicolor(RAI=3.8),and the least was Sus scrofa(RAI=2.7).(2)On the annual activity pattern,Naemorhedus goral was similar to Elaphodus cephalophus,Budorcas taxicolor was similar to Sus scrofa,and Moschus berezovskii deer had the strongest activity in May,and Capricornis sumatraensis had the strongest activity in August.(3)The daily activity rhythms of the 6 ungulates showed that the daily activity rhythms of Naemorhedus goral and Elaphodus cephalophus were relatively similar,with the peak time of activity at 6:00–10:00 and 18:00–20:00.The activity peak time of Moschus berezovskii appeared at 20:00–22:00;Capricornis sumatraensis appeared at 6:00–8:00;Budorcas taxicolor appeared at 8:00–10:00;Sus scrofa appeared from 14:00 to 16:00.The activity rhythms of the 6 ungulates changed with the change of seasons.(4)According to the nocturnal behavior survey,among all six animal species,Moschus berezovskii was a typical nocturnal animal,Elaphodus cephalophus was not obvious,and Budorcas taxicolor,Naemorhedus goral,Capricornis sumatraensis,Sus scrofa had no obvious nocturnal behavior.