马尾松,大头茶针阔混交林森林结构的研究

典型选样调查测定,分析马尾松、大头茶常绿针阔混交林的森林特征、种群结构、林分结构、生物量结构及生态功能。结果表明:1.该混交林是亚热带常绿阔叶林前一阶段的过渡性森林类型,在干扰状态下保持其相对的稳定性。2.复层、异龄现象是该混交林的主要特征。建群种充分利用了林地空间营养面积,发挥了林地的生产潜力。叶面积指数达6.86～8.83,林分木材蓄积量达160～222m~3/ha,林分总生物量达114～163t/ha。其中,乔木层生物量达105～154t/ha。光照充足的林下,草本层生物量可达2.5t/ha,对庇护地表起到了最直接、最明显的作用,而调节林冠密度,可控制或促进草本层生物量的增长。3.此种混交林改善了森林立地的蓄水功能和贮水方式。林地土壤最大贮水量达2645～4100t/ha,降水贮存量达565～1256t/ha,林地枯枝落叶层饱和持水量达4589～8702kg/ha。该类型达到了生态与经济效益兼顾,可在我国南方亚热带山地各类工程造林中推广应用。

Study on Structure of the Coniferous Broad-leaved Mixed Forest of Pinus massoniana and Gordonia sichilanensis

Based on the investigated information of the typical sample plots,this paper analyses the features of the evergreen coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest of Pinus massoniana and Gordonia sichuanensis. and the structures of its population, stand and biomass and its ecological function. The results have shown that:l. This kind of mixed forest is a transitive forest type in the preceding stage of the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest,able to maintain a relative stability under disturbance; 2. Multiple layers and uneven-agedness are the main characteristics of this mixed forest. The edificator utilized the nutritive area of forest land space completely and made the forest land productivity well. The leaf area index,the stand volume and the total stand biomass reached 6. 86-8. 83.160-222 m~3/ha and 114-163 t/ha, respetively ,and the biomass of the tree layer reached 105-154 t/ha. Under a good light canopy, the biomass of the field layer could be 35 t/ha,it plays a role directly and obviously in the protection of land surface. The increasement of the biomass of field layer can be controlled or improved by regulating the canopy density. 3. The water storage capacity and manner of forest site were improved underthis kind of mixed forest,its saturated water holding capacity and the rainfall storage capacity reached 2645-4 100 t/ha and 565-1 256 t/ha,respectively,and the saturated water holding capacity reached 4589-8 702 kg/ha. In short,this kind of mixed forest can bring about the ecological and the economic benfits simultaneously, thus suited to be populated in all kinds of engineering forestation in southern subtropical mountainous regions.