Numerical experiments of watershed-scale soil water movement and bedrock infiltration using a physical three-dimensional simulation model |
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Authors: | Katsushige Shiraki Yoshiki Shinomiya Hirofumi Shibano |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan;(2) Shikoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kochi, Japan;(3) University Forest in Aichi, The University of Tokyo, Aichi, Japan |
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Abstract: | Numerical experiments of soil water movement and bedrock infiltration based on a simplified simulation method were conducted
to analyze watershed-scale rainfall-runoff processes. To verify the model accuracy, it was applied to a Minamitani watershed
(0.45 ha). The simulation was performed with 2.5-m space grids horizontally and five cells vertically. Results of long-term
calculation of this model proved that this simulation model is robust and demonstrated good computational water mass conservation.
Calculation results showed the best agreement with observed hydrographs and the number of groundwater levels simultaneously
when laboratory-tested soil hydraulic characteristics for topsoil were used and infiltration into bedrock was included in
numerical calculations. Numerical experiments show that bedrock infiltration generated a stable base flow and suppressed the
secondary discharge peak. The reproducibility achieved by observed soil hydraulic characteristics with the assumption of bedrock
flow demonstrates the effectiveness of the simulation model used in this article for analyses of watershed-scale soil water
movements. |
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Keywords: | Richards equation Numerical simulation Hydrograph Groundwater level |
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