龙虎山嗣汉天师府道观园林造园艺术探析

通过现场调研结合史料文献,对江西省龙虎山嗣汉天师府的立意选址、空间布局、造园意匠等方面进行分析和研究。结果表明:1)嗣汉天师府以修道功能为主,兼具起居、办公、游憩等诸多功能;2)“尊者居中”“壶天胜地”“负阴抱阳”等道家思想贯穿于道观的相地选址与空间布局;3)采取均衡对称式构图、“三区五院”式格局,营造出主次分明、起承转合、疏密相间的院落空间;4)巧借地形山水、钟鼓殿宇、松竹天籁,结合照壁、匾额、楹联等点景手法,为道观增添诗情画意,升华文化底蕴。

The Gardening Art of Taoist Temple of Sihan Tianshi Mansion in Mount Longhu

Through field investigation and historical documents, this paper analyzes and studies the site selection, spatial layout and gardening art of Sihan Tianshi Mansion in Mount Longhu, Jiangxi Province. Firstly, the main function of Sihan Tianshi Mansion is to cultivate Taoism, and it also has functions of living, working, recreation, and so on. Secondly, the Taoist ideas, such as "the venerable being in the center", "the wonderland" and" back to Yin and towards Yang", run through the site selection and spatial layout of the Taoist temples. Thirdly, it adopts a balanced and symmetrical composition and a pattern of "three districts and five courtyards", to create a courtyard space with clear levels, variable spaces, and appropriate density.Finally, it cleverly uses elements such as terrain, landscape, architecture, and plants, combined with plaques, couplets and other means to sublimate cultural heritage.