红塔区施肥、浇水措施对漾濞泡核桃苗木生长的影响研究

2009年玉溪红塔区引种漾濞泡核桃，恰逢2009～2012年连续4年异常干旱，本研究针对该区域凤凰街道办事处灵秀二组种植的漾濞泡核桃，采用尿素、复合肥、磷复肥、核桃专用肥、缓释肥5种不同肥料施肥，并进行春季浇水次数为0次、1次、2次、3次试验，检测核桃苗木地径、高生长及桂果情况。试验结果表明，漾濞泡核桃按照每年浇水3次，并对其进行修剪（整形）、病虫防控管理的条件下，不同种类肥料促进漾濞泡核桃苗高生长差异性显著，缓释肥促进苗木高生长效果最显著，施用4年后，苗高可达3．50±0．68m，苗木地径达11．2±1．25em；不浇水漾濞泡核桃苗木基本不长，浇水次数越多苗木高生长越大、地径也越大；在供水条件跟上，每年春季浇水3次的情况下，试验用的尿素、复合肥、磷复肥、核桃专用肥、缓释肥5种肥料，施用3年均可挂果；肥料充足，都施用缓释肥，每年春季浇水次数不同，挂果历时明显不同，浇水3次，定植3年就开始挂果；浇水2次，定植4年开始挂果；浇水1次和不浇水，不挂果。

Effects of Fertilization and Watering Measures on Juglans Sigillata Seedling Growth in District of Hongta

When the Juglans Sigillata Dode was introduced to Yuxi district in 2009, it happened to come across an unusual 4 year drought that lasted from 2009 to 2012, this study focuses on and inspects the ground diameter, height growth and fruit bearing of Juglans Sigillata Dode seedling plantations of Lingxiu group 2 in the Phoenix Street Office, which underwent treatments including using urea fertilization, com- pound fertilization, compound phosphorus fertilization, walnut fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer thesefive different types of fertilizers separately and separate watering treatments such as no spring watering and spring watering once, twice and three times. The results showed that under conditions of watering 3 times a year, pest control and pruning, the Juglans Sigillata Dode seedling plantations showed significant height differences when used with different fertilizers, of which the slow-release fertilizer induced the most significant growth effect, causing the seedling to grow a height of 3.50 ±0.68m after 4 years with a ground diameter of 11.2± 1.25 em; the Juglans Sigillata Dode seedlings which received no watering barely showed growth and more watering received, the bigger the height and ground diameter of the seed- lings ; under the condition of keeping up with the water supply and spring watering 3 times, the five types of fertilizers used all produced fruit bearing in the third year; when the plantations had abundant fertiliz- ers used slow-release fertilizers, the time it took for the fruit bearings to be produced varied with the a- mount of spring watering received： watering 3 times saw fruit bearings in the third year while watering 2 times saw it in the fourth year and watering once or no watering didn＇ t produce fruit bearings.