香格里拉市林地景观格局分析及优化策略

利用香格里拉市2017年林地变更调查数据,选取斑块数量(PN)、斑块类型面积(CA)、斑块平均大小(MPS)、景观百分比(PLAND)、斑块密度(PD)、分离度(F)、景观多样性指数(SHDI)和香农均匀度指数(SHEI)等8个景观指标,借助Fragstats4.2软件和ArcGIS10软件,从斑块特征、异质性以及多样性3个方面对香格里拉市林地景观格局进行分析。结果表明:香格里拉市林地景观格局类型较为丰富,多样性较高,斑块内部连通性较强;各林地景观类型分布不均,以针叶林景观为主,存在比较明显的异质性;景观类型斑块数量大,非林地景观破碎化严重。提出合理编制林地利用方案、不断提高林地景观格局稳定性,加强资源林政管理、控制林地破碎化程度,加快建设“智慧林业”步伐、高效管理林地资源,抓住林业重点工程建设、全面优化林地景观格局,结合林地适用类别,科学合理规划林地功能等优化策略。

Analysis and Optimization of Forestland Landscape Pattern in Shangri-La City

Based on the investigation data of forestland change in Shangri-La in 2017,the 8 landscape indexes,including patch number(PN),class area(CA),mean patch size(MPS),percent?of?landscape(PLAND),patch density(PD),fragmentation(F),Shannon′s diversity?index(SHDI)and Shannon′s evenness index(SHEI)were selected by using Fragstats 4.2 software and ArcGIS 10 software to analyze the landscape pattern of forestland in Shangri-La from patch characteristics,heterogeneity and diversity.The results showed that the forestland landscape pattern in Shangri-La was rich on type and diversity with strong patch internal connectivity.The distribution of forestland landscape type was uneven,mainly coniferous forest landscape,which had obvious heterogeneity.The number of landscape type patch was large and non forest landscape fragmentation was serious.This paper put forward some optimization strategies,such as making the reasonable plan of forestland utilization,constantly improving the stability of landscape pattern,strengthening the management of resources and forestry,controlling the degree of forestland fragmentation,speeding up the construction of"smart forestry",efficiently managing forestland resources,grasping the construction of key forestry projects,comprehensively optimizing the landscape pattern,scientifically and reasonably planning the functions of forestland combining the applicable categories of forestland.