美国山核桃群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析

运用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记技术，采用Operon公司的10种随机引物，以采自美国东南部、北部、西部和我国江苏、浙江、湖北、湖南、云南等地的9个美国山核桃栽培群体45个单株的种子为材料，检测出多态位点42个。以这些多态位点为依据，计算了估测了多态性位点百分比、Shannon表型多样度指数、Virk群体内遗传距离和Nei氏群体间遗传距离，并用它们作为参数进行群体遗传多样性的RAPD分析。结果表明，参试的美国山核桃品种群体遗传变异明显，且群体间差异大于群体内差异，我国引种的群体遗传差异大于原产地美国的群体遗传差异。

Population Genetic Analysis by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers in Pecan

This article is concerned with population genetic diversity in pecan, Carya illinoensis , based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers or RAPDs. Seed nuts from 45 trees of 9 populations collected from southeastern, northern, western USA and eastern, southeastern, central and western China were used for DNA isolation with the improved CTAB process. In PCR amplification, 10 Operon arbitrary primers were selected. A total of 42 polymorphic loci were detected, with which the population genetic diversity was analyzed in terms of the proportion of polymorphic loci, Shannon's index of phenotypic diversity, Virk's genetic distance, and Nei's similarity coefficient. Results have indicated a significant variation in pecan populations. While the inter population variation is greater than the intra population, the genetic distances between China located populations are longer than the American populations.