小果油茶不同居群种仁含油率及脂肪酸组分变异特征分析及评价

以小果油茶全分布区的15个居群为试验材料,分析其种仁含油率及脂肪酸组分12个性状的变异状况.结果表明:小果油茶种仁含油率及脂肪酸组分性状变异类型较为丰富,遗传多样性水平较高,但不同性状的变异水平相差较大.除了西南地区5个居群外,含油率及脂肪酸组分12个性状在其它居群的多重比较中呈显著差异.除了含油率在居群间的变异略大于居群内外,脂肪酸各组分性状主要变异存在于居群内,且居群内变异远大于居群间变异.利用主成分分析得综合得分值来评价居群品质水平,结果表明福建漳浦居群综合得分值最高,即品质水平最佳,其次为福建闽清,其余居群排序依次为江西宜春、广西融水、福建建宁、贵州黎平、广西龙胜、广西三江、湖南通道、湖南平江、江西定南、江西崇仁、福建浦城、福建宁化及湖北阳新.

Analysis and Evaluation on Variation Characteristics of Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Camellia meiocarpa Populations

Fifteen populations of Camellia meiocarpa in full distribution area were used as experimental material and 12 variation characteristics of oil content and fatty acid were analyzed. The oil content and fatty acid types of C. meiocarpa were very rich and the level of genetic diversity was also quite high, however, there were significant variations among different traits. Except five populations from southwest China, there existed significant differences in the traits of oil content and fatty acid by multiple comparison of the other 10 populations. The variation of fatty acid composition existed mainly within populations and was far higher than that among populations. The quality levels of the 15 populations were evaluated by principal components analysis. The results showed that the quality level of Zhangpu population from Fujian Province ranked the first.