岭南槭不同种源家系种子形态和幼苗生长变异

目的]探讨不同种源家系岭南槭种子形态、种子萌发与幼苗生长的特性,分析它们与种源地地理气候因子之间的关系。方法]对广东省岭南槭天然分布区的3个种源18个家系的种子表型性状、发芽特征、幼苗生长性状和叶色表现进行方差分析和相关性分析。结果]表明:肇庆黑石顶(HSD)种源的种子最厚、最宽,深圳七娘山(QNS)种源的种子最薄、最窄,惠州南昆山(NKS)种源的种子最长,种子千粒质量最高;翅长与翅宽呈极显著正相关(P0.01),种子千粒质量与发芽率显著正相关(P0.05);岭南槭1年生幼苗地径与苗高成正比,幼苗生长受种源地的地理气候因子影响;在色彩表现方面,QNS3、QNS13家系的明度L*值较大,QNS13色相b*值显著高于其他家系,NKS14家系幼苗的色相a*值最大。结论]种子千粒质量越高,发芽率越高;幼苗的地径苗高生长受种源地的地理气候因子影响。NKS14家系幼苗红叶特征最明显,色彩表现较好。

Variation of Seed Morphology and Seedling Growth among Different Provenances and Families of Acer tutcheri

Objective] To detect the characteristics of seed morphology, seed germination and seedling growth, and analyze the correlation with geographic and climatic factors of provenance locations in different provenances of Acer tutcheri. Method] ANOVA and correlation analysis were used to analyze the seed morphology, seed germination, seedling growth and leaf color value of 18 families of three provenances from natural distribution areas in Guangdong. Result] The provenance from Zhaoqing (HSD) had the thickest and the widest seeds, the provenance from Shenzhen (QNS) had the thinnest and the narrowest seeds, the provenance from Huizhou (NKS) had the biggest length and 1 000-seed weight. The samara length and width showed extremely significant positive correlation (P<0.01). 1 000-seed weight and germination rate showed significant positive correlation (P<0.05). Seedling basal diameter of 1-year-old A. tutcheri was proportional to seedling height; the growth of seedling was influenced by geographic and climatic factors of provenance locations. On the aspect of leaf color, the L^*value of the families QNS3 and QNS13 was bigger than that of the other families, the b^* value of the family QNS13 was bigger than that of the others significantly, and the family NKS14 had the biggest a^* value. Conclusion] The higher the 1 000-seed weight, the higher the germination rate. The basal diameter and height of the seedlings are influenced by geographic and climatic factors of provenance locations. Family NKS14 with better leaf color has the most obvious red color than the others.