金沟岭林场森林景观分类及景观变化研究

以吉林省汪清林业局金沟岭实验林场为例，介绍了一种基于森林资源二类调查数据的森林景观类型划分方法。划分景观要素类型的因子一级为土地覆盖类型，二级为优势树种组。在景观分类的基础上分析了1987-1997年10a问金沟岭实验林场森林景观空间格局变化。1987年和1997年主要的景观要素类型为针阔混交林、针叶混交林、落叶松林和阔叶混交林，1987年的斑块个数为592块，1997年为946块。斑块个数大幅度增加，反映出森林景观破碎化的趋势。10a问，景观多样性指数和相对丰富度指数降低，优势度指数有所增加。文章对营林活动对森林景观变化的影响进行了初步分析，发现景观类型变化较大的林班也是作业强度比较大的林班，景观斑块数量变化最大的林班也是作业强度比较大的林班。

Studies on Landscape Classification and Changes Based on Forest Resource Inventory Data of Jingouling Forest Farm

A landscape classification method was developed based on forest resource inventory data of Jingouling Forest Farm of Wangqing Forestry Bureau,Jilin Province.The factors considered for landscape classification were land cover type as first level (forest farm) and dominate tree species group at second level (management compartment). Changes in landscape pattern were analyzed during the period of 1987 to 1997 at the two landscape levels. Major landscape types in the farm were mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest forests,mixed coniferous forests,Larix forests and mixed broad-leaved forests. The numbers of patches in 1987 and 1997 were 592 and 946 respectively, which showed the trends of landscape fragmentation. Landscape diversity indices and relative richness decreased,but dominance indices increased. The influence of silviculture practices on the landscape pattern was primarily analyzed. Results indicated that greater changes in landscape types and the number of patches all occurred in the compartments with heavier forest management practice.