退化人工梭梭林的恢复技术研究

对退化人工梭梭林进行恢复试验研究发现:滴灌可使梭梭林地土壤含水率显著提高;梭梭光合作用增强;群落物种数增多,盖度增大;防风固沙作用增强.布设机械沙障可使退化梭梭林地表粗糙度增大,林内近地面层风速、输沙量显著下降.春灌3 a后,不仅退化梭梭个体恢复正常生长,同时梭梭林群落物种组成数明显增加,盖度显著增大,生态功能也逐渐恢复.雨水集流和雨水下渗改造两种模式应用1～2 a后,退化梭梭林地土壤含水率均有明显提高.滴灌、布设机械沙障、春灌和改造结皮4种技术措施对退化梭梭林生长及其环境均有明显的恢复作用,其中滴灌、机械沙障恢复技术是当前和今后推广的主要措施;春灌和改造结皮可作为前两种技术的补充措施.

Research on Restoration Technology of Degenerated Artificial Haloxylon ammodendron Forest

Researches on restoration tee of degenerated artificial haloxylon ammodendron forest were carried out. Results showed that when irrigating Haloxylon ammodendron woodland by drip irrigation, photosynthetic ratio of Ha ammodendron and soil moisture, community vegetation and diversity all gradually increased, as well as the functions windbreak and sand fixation. By setting up mechanical sand barriers on degenerated Haloxylon roughness of woodland increased ; the wind speed and density of sand-driving wind of Haloxylo ammodendron woodland, the n ammodendron woodland at 0 -20 cm decreased. The aim for breaking wind and fixing move sand dune had come true by Haloxylon ammodendron forest with mechanical sand barriers. Irrigated Haloxylon ammodendron woodland in spring, the growth ratio of Haloxylon ammodendron and soil moisture, community vegetation and diversity of Haloxylon ammodendron forest all gradually increased, as well as the ecological functions for wind break and sand fixation. The soil-crust reconstruction included rainfall collection mode and water down-soak mode. Since the rainfall collection mode and water down-soak mode applied for one and two years, soil moisture near plant of Haloxylon ammodendron increased obviously. All the four measures had obvious positive effect on restoration of the degenerated Haloxylon ammodendron and its environment. Drip irrigation and mechanical sand barriers should be the main measures to be extended at present and in the future, and irrigation in spring and soilcrust reconstruction should be the complementary measures.