广西融水特色红心杉木优树材质性状变异规律研究

目的]通过测定和分析广西融水种源红心杉木优树材质性状指标,以了解该地区红心杉木材性状变异规律。方法]以广西融水种源60株20年生的红心杉木优树为研究材料,测定单株材积、红心率、基本密度、组织比量、管胞性状、微纤丝角等10个材质性状指标,分析各材性性状指标分布和变异规律及性状间的相关关系。结果]表明:红心率、基本密度、木射线比量、管胞比量、管胞长、管胞宽、管胞长宽比等性状数据分布服从正态分布。融水两个地区红心杉优树轴向薄壁细胞比量的变异系数分别为35.08%和44.97%,变异较大。管胞比量变异系数分别为3.28%和3.56%,变异较小。红心率、木射线比量、管胞长、管胞宽、微纤丝角等性状差异极显著(P0.01),轴向薄壁细胞比量差异显著(P0.05)。10个材质性状间存在12对表型显著相关。结论]测定的10个性状均是连续性数量性状。早、晚材的管胞长度、管胞宽度和管胞长宽比等性状数据呈从心材至边材逐渐增加的规律。作为重要经济性状的红心率与木射线比量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),单株材积与轴向薄壁细胞比量呈显著正相关(P0.05),而单株材积与基本密度的相关性不显著,这使红心杉木生长量与材性相结合的遗传改良成为可能。

Research on Variation Pattern of Wood Properties of Red-heart Chinese Fir Plus Trees, a Featured Provenance from Rongshui of Guangxi

Objective] To Measure and analyze the wood properties of red-heart Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plus trees, the provenance from Rongshui of Guangxi, and to investigate the wood properties variation pattern of the trees. Method] Sixty 20-year-old plus trees of red-heart Chinese fir were chosen as research material. The wood properties such as wood volume, wood basic density, tissue proportion, tracheid properties and tracheid microfibril angle were assayed and the variation pattern of relevant wood properties was analyzed. Result] The heartwood ratio, wood basic density, xylem ray proportion, tracheid proportion, tracheid length, tracheid width, and the length-width ratios of tracheid obeyed normal distribution. The variable coefficient of axially parenchyma proportion of red-heart Chinese fir plus trees from two plots in Rongshui was 35.08% and 44.97% respectively, showing a significant variation. The variable coefficient of tracheid proportion was 3.28% and 3.56% respectively, showing a small variation. There were highly significant differences (P<0.01) in heartwood ratio, xylem ray proportion, tracheid length, tracheid width, tracheid microfibril angle and significant differences(P<0.05)in parenchyma proportion between the plus trees from the two locations. There were 12 significant phenotype correlations among 10 wood properties data. Conclusion] All the 10 characters assayed are continual quantitative. The data of tracheid length, tracheid width and length-width ratios of tracheid of early wood and late wood increase from heartwood to sapwood. The heartwood ratio and individual volume are both important economic characters. There are very significant positive correlation (P<0.01) between heartwood ratio and xylem ray proportion, and significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between the individual volume and axially parenchyma proportion. The volume of individual tree does not correlate significantly with the wood basic density, which makes it possible to the genetic improvement of volume combined with wood properties of red-heart Chinese fir.