青藏高原特有种砂生槐不同种源地种子萌发特征研究

对采自6个种源地砂生槐的种子进行了萌发研究,分析了种子大小、萌发特性与海拔之间的关系。结果表明:1)每荚种子数变幅为2.96 4.50粒;种子千粒质量变幅为30.639 47.415 g;种子纵径变幅为4.3144.962 mm;种子横径变幅为3.244 3.693 mm;种子纵横径比变幅为1.306 1.383,差异较小。方差分析结果显示,种源间每荚种子数(F=8.52**)、千粒质量(F=19.73**)、种子纵径(F=6.17**)和种子横径(F=5.79**)差异均达到极显著水平,而种子纵径与横径的比值差异不显著(F=1.47)。2)6个种源砂生槐种子发芽率变幅为43.16%90.03%。其中萨迦种源发芽率90.03%为最高,最低是米瑞种源为43.16%。3)6个砂生槐种源的种子在发芽起始时间上仅差异1 d;萌发持续时间在14 23 d之间,种源间持续发芽时间差异最多达到9 d;萌发高峰期在17 27 d之间,种源间差异较大,其中萨迦种源最短,朗县种源最长。4)每荚种子数随着海拔的升高而显著降低(R=-0.844 3,P0.05),而种子千粒质量则随着海拔的升高而显著升高(R=0.614 3,P0.05)。5)种子发芽起始时间与海拔之间呈现出负相关的关系,但不显著(R=-0.505 6,P0.05);种子萌发持续时间与海拔具有显著的负相关关系(R=-0.883 6,P0.05),而种子发芽率则与海拔具有显著的正相关关系(R=0.804 7,P0.05)。

Seed Germination of Different Provenances of Sophora moorcroftiana, an Endemic Species to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The characteristics of seed germination of six Sophora moorcroftiana provenances were examined, and the relationships among seed size, germination and elevation were analyzed. The results indicated that: 1) the number of seed per pod varied from 2.96 to 4.50, the mass of 1 000 seed ranged from 30.639 g to 47.415 g, the seed length and width varied from 4.314~4.926 mm and 3.244~3.693 mm, respectively, and the ratios of seed length to width ranged from 1.306 to 1.383. The analysis of variance showed that except the ratios of seed length to width, there were significant differences in the number of seed per pod, the mass of 1 000 seed, the seed length and width among provenances; 2) the percentage of seed germination changed from 43.16% to 90.03% among six provenances, of which the highest was Sajia provenance and the lowest was Mirui provenance; 3); the difference in the start time of seed germination among six provenances was only one day; the persistent time of seed germination varied from 14 to 23 days and the maximum difference in it among the six provenances was 9 days; the summit of seed germination ranged from 17 to 27 days, and it was a large difference among provenances, of which the longest was Sajia provenance and the shortest was Langxian provenance; 4) with increasing altitude, the number of seed per pod significantly declined (R=-0.844 3, P<0.05), while the mass of 1 000 seed apparently increased (R=0.614 3, P<0.05); 5) the start time of seed germination was negatively but not significantly related with the altitude; the persistent time of seed germination was significantly and negatively correlated with the altitude (R=-0.883 6, P<0.05), by contrast, the percentage of seed germination was significantly and positively related with the altitude (R=0.804 7, P<0.05).