丽江云杉天然种群针叶功能性状及其随海拔的变异

Altitudinal Variation of Needle Functional Traits in Natural Population of Picea likiangensis

This research investigated and selected 4 natural populations of Picea likiangensis in Yunnan province, based on its natural distribution. The length, width, dry weight and C, N, P contents in needles of the 4 populations were measured to survey the phenotypic variation of natural populations and the relationship between the phenotypic variation and their altitude of distribution areas. The methods of ANOVA analysis, multi-comparison and correlation analysis were used for analyzing the data measured. The results showed that, there were remarkable (P<0.01) variations in needle length, width and dry weight among populations, with component of variance 15.05%-28.03%, but no variation of them within populations. The dry weight was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated to the needle length and width, and their correlation coefficients were 0.466 39 and 0.665 67, respectively. Regarding to element content in needles, there were significant (P<0.05) variations of N and P contents, and C/N ratio among populations, excepting C content. Moreover, the component of variance among populations was higher (29.98%-37.56%) when compared with that within populations, and there was distinctly (P<0.01) variance of N/P ratio among populations, and its component of variance was 60.44%. For correlations between needle length and N/P ratio, altitude was negatively and significantly (P<0.01) correlated; for needle width, altitude was significant (P<0.01) positive correlated, for C content and C/N ratio, altitude was significantly (P<0.05) positively correlated.