Insecticidal activity of (2<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-octyl<Emphasis Type="Italic">cyclo</Emphasis>prop-1-enyl)-octanoic acid (I) against three Coleopteran stored product insects from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sterculia foetida</Emphasis> (L.) |
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Authors: | Pathipati Usha Rani Pala Rajasekharreddy |
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Institution: | (1) Biology and Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, Andhra Pradesh, India |
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Abstract: | The insecticidal activities of the extracts, fractions, and pure compound of Sterculia foetida (L.) seeds were investigated against three major stored product pests, namely, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), and Tribolium castaneum (H.), through contact and fumigation bioassay. Responses varied with test chemicals, insect species, exposure times, and
doses individually. The biologically active constituent of the S. foetida seeds was characterized as a cyclopropene fatty acid structurally elucidated as (2n-octylcycloprop-1-enyl)-octanoic acid (I) by spectroscopic analysis. The filter paper application of, (2n-octylcycloprop-1-enyl)-octanoic acid (I) at 0.2 mg/cm2 caused 100% mortality to all test insects 2 days after treatment (2 DAT). Among the chromatographic fractions, only the pure
hexane-eluted fraction caused 100% mortality at 0.3 mg/cm2 to S. oryzae and C. chinensis 2 DAT, while the dose required to obtain the same percentage of mortality with the crude seed extract was 0.6 mg/cm2. Under all treatment conditions, T. castaneum exhibited less susceptibility, taking longer than the other insects to show symptoms of toxicity. In terms of fumigant activity,
the compounds appeared to be more effective in a vapor form against all the three insects in closed containers compared with
open containers. These results suggest that the insecticidal activities of the test compounds were attributable to contact
mode of action, although there was also significant fumigant toxicity. The results indicate that the bioactive compound isolated
from S. foetida could act as a potent insecticide against S. oryzae, C. chinensis, and T. castaneum populations. |
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