植物DNA甲基化研究进展

植物经常暴露在各种生物和非生物的胁迫之下,这些胁迫会影响植物的生长发育和繁殖并最终导致植物死亡。为了抵御不利的环境条件,植物已经进化出复杂而精细的网络来感知胁迫并激活防御系统。为此,植物激活许多信号转导通路,这些信号转导通路可以改变一些胁迫响应基因的表达,从而引起植物形态、生理和生化的改变以适应逆境。DNA胞嘧啶甲基化是高等真核生物的主要表观遗传机制之一,在维持基因组稳定性和调节基因表达方面起着关键作用。表观遗传变异比遗传变异更为灵活。一旦环境条件发生变化,为了适应新的环境植物都会发生表观遗传的改变。许多研究表明DNA甲基化参与植物的发育和应激反应。基于相关研究对DNA甲基化进行了综述,对植物逆境胁迫有重要意义。

Advances in DNA Methylation in Plants

Plants are often exposed to a variety of biological and abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and reproduction and ultimately lead to plant death.In order to resist adverse environmental conditions,plants have evolved complex and elaborate networks to sense stress and activate defense systems.For this reason,plants activate many signal transduction pathways,which can change the expression of some stress response genes,thus causing changes in plant morphology,physiology and biochemistry to adapt to adversity.DNA cytosine methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms in higher eukaryotes,which plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating gene expression.Epigenetic variation is more flexible than genetic variation.Once environmental conditions change,epigenetic changes will occur in plants to adapt to the new environment.Many studies have shown that DNA methylation is involved in plant development and stress response.DNA methylation is reviewed based on related research,which is of great significance to plant stress.